Saturday, May 25, 2019

Introduction to ICT

#Information 
Information refers to the knowledge obtained from reading, investigation or research.

# Communication
-act of transmitting messages
-it is process whereby information is exchanged between individuals using symbols, signs or verbal interaction.

# Technology
Technology refers to machinery development from the application of scientific knowledge.
# ICT 
- Information and Communication Technology
-ICT deals with the use of different communication technologies such as cell phones, telephones, internet etc to locate, save, send and edit information.

#Usage of ICT
               1. Education
2. Banking
3. E-commerce
4. Industry
5. Hospital
6. Cinema
7. Airport
8. Home

1. Education
-ICT is low cost solution for educating many skills to a large number of people in less time at their own pace. 
-Using ICT both the teacher and students can save their time
-Online Education, Distant Learning, Online Examination etc are other purpose 

2. Banking
-Banks are using ATMs for facilitating their customers to withdraw their amount.
-They can transfer their money to other accounts and can pay their utility bills online

3. E-commerce
-To buy and sell and exchange of products, services, and information using computer network

4. Industry
-Computers are used to manage business activities from shipment to distribution and advertising to selling their products
-to research about new products and raw materials

5. Hospital
-To keep record of medical and patient data
-medical imaging and equipment(used to control medical devices that perform CT Scans, ultrasounds, X-rays, MRIs, or blood tests.)
- patient monitoring
-research about new diseases and medicines
6. Cinema
-Put special effects in movies(animations)
-music(sound effects)
-editing

7. Airport
-To ensure that planes stay on schedule and that they fly safely
-Allows you to easily modify travel arrangements at any airport 
-Computers are necessary for the use of pre- screening measures 
-Computers are crucial to an airport's air traffic control services.

8. Home
-You can watch matches, movies, ceremonies and hear audio stuff . 
-You can also download books, magazines, journals, newspapers, tutorials to learn skills. 
-You can do text, voice and video chat using internet.

# Characteristics of ICT

#Disadvantages of ICT
1.Health risk
2.Violation of privacy
3.Impact on environment
4.Data security

5.Lack of physical activity



#Advantages of ICT
1.speed
2.reliability
3.storage
4.communication
5.accuracy

Full forms:

1.GPRS-General Packet Radio Service. 
2.MBPS-Megabits Per Second
3.KBPS- Kilobits Per Second
4.KB-Kilobyte
5.MB-Megabyte
6.GB-Gigabyte
7.GiB-Gibibyte
8.TB-Terabyte
9.TiB-Tebibyte
10.PB-Petabyte
11.  PiB-Pebibyte
12.  EB-Exabyte
13.  EiB- Exbibyte
14.  ZB-Zettabyte
15.  ZiB-Zebibyte
16.  YB-Yottabyte
17.YiB-Yobibyte
18.MAC-Media Access Control
19.OS-Operating System
20.ICT-Information and Communication Technology


Internet and Emails




# Introduction to Internet

The Internet or simply the Net is a worldwide network of computer networks. It is an interconnection of large and small networks around the globe.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1B5v6UKmDxw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WiSPRE00hzM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXHbcPW-tVU

# The uses of the Internet 

  • Send/Receive e-mail messages. 
  • Send (upload) or receive (download) files between computers.
  • Participate in discussion groups, such as mailing lists and newsgroups.
  • Surfing the web.
  • Online Chat 
  • Video-conferencing 


# Web Browsers

  • Once you have your Internet connection, then you need special software called a web browser to access the Web. 
  • Web browsers are used to connect you to remote computers, open and transfer files, display text and images. 
  • Web browsers are specialized programs. 

 Examples of Web browser: Netscape Navigator (Navigator) and Internet Explorer, Google chrome.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrXPcaRlBqo


# Email

  • Email stands for Electronic Mail.
  • It is used to send and receive messages across the world with the help of internet.
  • The email address has an universal format.
  • Email message are delivered within a second.

#Advantages of Email

  1. Fast: email messages are usually delivered within seconds.
  2. Cheap:there is no extra cost other than the cost of an internet connection.
  3. Simple:it is very easy to send and receive emails. After creating an email account, you can keep a record of your email communication.
  4. Effective: sending email messages to a group of people is very effective.
  5. Versatile:you can make changes in an email, and also attach pictures, documents and other files.

#Cyber Safety

  • Cyber safety is all about protecting you from the threats of the internet.

  • Cyber safety is the safe and responsible uses of Information and Communication Technology. It is all about keeping information safe and secure, but also about being responsible with that information, being respectful of other people online using good 'netiquette' (the correct or acceptable way of using the internet).


#Some common internet threats
  1.  Hacking
  2.  Malware
  3. Viruses, Worm and Trojan
  4. spyware and Adware

#Full forms

  1. CC-Carbon Copy
  2. BCC- Blind Carbon Copy
  3. WWW: World Wide Web
  4. URI: Uniform Resource Identifier
  5. Email- Electronic Mail
  6. Ctrl:Control
  7. Alt: Alternate


#Steps to create Gmail account
  1. Go to www.gmail.com.
  2. Click Create account
  3. The signup form will appear.
  4. Review Google's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy, click the check box, then click Next step
  5. Here, you'll have an opportunity to set up recovery options.
  6. Your account created and the Google welcome page will appear.

Characteristics of Computer


Computer is an electronic device that accepts the instructions and data,processes them and give the output.

#Characteristics of Computer

  1. Speed
  2. Storage
  3. Diligence
  4. Accuracy
  5. Flexibility
  6. Reliability
  7. Versatility
  8. Automation
#Versatility

 Able to do two or more than two work at same time with same efficiency.

#Diligence
Able to work for long period of time with same efficiency without getting tired.


#Access Time

Access time is the time required between the requests made for read or write operations and the time it takes for the completion of the task.


#Limitations of Computer
  1. No self intelligence
  2. No decision Making Power
  3. No Learning Power
    #Full Forms
    1. CD: Compact Disc
    2. DVD;Digital Versatile/Video Disc
    3. RAM:Random Access Memory
    #Time to recall-Pg 10
    #Fill in the blanks-Pg 11
    #Choose the correct answer-Pg 12

    Memory and Storage

    Memory refers to storage capacity of computer. It is measured in units.
    Unit
    Denoted by
    0 or 1
    1 bit
    b
    8 bits
    1 byte
    B
    1024 bytes
    1 kilobyte
    KB
    1024 kilobyte
    1 megabyte
    MB
    1024 megabyte
    1 gigabyte
    GB
    1024 gigabyte
    1 terabyte
    TB
    1024 terabyte
    1 petabyte
    PB


    #Storage

    A computer contains different form of memory devices, which are referred as storage.

    #Types of Storage

    1. Primary Storage Devices
    2.Secondary Storage Devices




    #Difference between Primary Storage Devices and  Secondary Storage Devices 
    Primary Storage Devices
    Secondary Storage Devices
    1.Primary Storage is the memory.
    1. Secondary Storage is the backup memory.
    2. Primary Storage is the memory that is directly accessed by the C.P.U.
    2. Secondary Storage is the storage device that is not accessible directly by the C.P.U.
    3.A computer cannot run without Primary Storage.
    3. A computer can run without Secondary Storage devices.
    4. Primary storage is faster than secondary storage.
    4. Secondary storage is slower than primary storage.
    5.Types of Primary Storage are RAM and ROM.
    5.Types of Secondary Storage are pen drive, CD, DVD, hard disk etc.

    #Types of Primary Storage Devices 

     1. RAM(Random Access Memory)
    2. ROM(Read Only Memory)
    #Difference between RAM and ROM
    RAM
    ROM
    1.Loses its contains when power is turned off.
    1. Doesn't lose contains when power is turned off.
    2. It is Volatile.
    2.  It is non-volatile.
    3.Store data for temporary time only
    3. Store data permanently.
    4. It is used to read and write data.
    4. It is only used to read the data from the memory.
    5.Types of  RAM are DRAM and SRAM.
    5.Types of ROM are PROM, EPROM and EEPROM.

     #Types of Secondary Storage devices

     1. Magnetic Storage Device- Floppy Disk, Hard Disk(Internal and External Hard Disk)                        2.Optical Storage Device- CD(CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW), DVD, Blu-Ray Disk
    3.Solid State Storage Device-Flash Drive(Pen drive, USB), Memory Card

     #Cloud Storage
    - It is also known as online storage.
    -it is a virtual storage service which is very different from the other storage device attached to the computer.
    -data like photos, videos, musics, files etc can be stored online and shared easily with friends.
    examples-Google Drive, Drop Box, Sky Drive, justcloud.com, youSENDit.

     #Time to recall-Pg 22
    #Choose the correct answer-Pg 23
    #Name the device- Pg-24
    #Match the following Pg-24

    MS-Word assignment
    1. Open any search engine and search word meaning of following words.
    i. radar
    ii. compasses
    iii. sighted
    iv. trace
    v. radioed
    vi. tragic
    vii. hazardous
    viii. coincidence
    ix. fate
    x. avenger
    xi. wreckage
    xii. shallow

    2. Make documentation in Ms-Word
    i. Page border
    ii. Page number
    iii. Font size-12pt
    iv. Font colour-black
    v. Font style- Times New Roman
    vi. Add wordart
    vii. Alignment-Justify
    viii. Words should be bold, underlined and numbered
    ix header

    You can print you assignment, bring it in pen drive or mail me at rijumaskay@gmail.com

    More about Windows

    #Windows Explorer
    Windows Explorer is files and folders managing program.

    The fundamental purpose of Windows Explorer is to let you view, open, copy, move, and otherwise manage your files and folders.

    Three steps to open Windows Explorer
    1. Select the Start  button and find it on the Start menu.
     2.Press the Windows logo key + E.
    3.Select the folder icon on the task bar.

    Folder-a folder (also called directory, or catalog) is a way to organize computer files. A folder is a storage space where many files can be placed into groups and organize the computer. A folder can also contain other folders.

    Sub folder- a folder contained within another folder.

    File-A file is an object on a computer that stores data, information, settings, or commands used with a computer program. In a GUI (graphical user interface), such as Microsoft Windows, files display as icons that relate to the program that opens the file. For example, the picture is an icon associated with Adobe Acrobat PDF files. If this file was on your computer, double-clicking the icon opens it in Adobe Acrobat or the PDF reader installed on the computer.
    -

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    Introduction to ICT # Information  Information refers to the knowledge obtained from reading, investigation or research. # Commun...